Після південних походів російського царя Петра Першого на південь, навіть незважаючи на те що більшість їх були невдалими, Османська імперія серйозно задумалася над проблемою недопуска російського флоту у Чорне море. Особливо актуальною ця проблема стала після захоплення російським військом турецької фортеці Азов. Для вирішення цієї проблеми турки вирішили блокувати Керченську протоку - єдиний вихід для Росії у Чорне море.
Фортеця "Керч" є однією з найбільших в Україні. Її загальна площа - понад 400 га. Свого часу вона була однією з найпотужніших фортифікаційних споруд Європи. На озброєнні фортеці було 437 гармат, один залп яких міг викинути у ворога 20 тон снарядів. У фортеці навіть були нові (на той час) 11-дюймові нарізні гармати, один снаряд яких важив 245 кг, а стріляли вони на відстань до восьми кілометрів.
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